Where are the highest recharge rates typically found?

High recharge rates for groundwater occur in regions where the soil and geological conditions facilitate the easy movement of water from the surface to the groundwater aquifers. High-permeability soils, such as sandy or loamy soils, allow for fast water infiltration and reduced runoff. In addition, minimal slopes help prevent water from quickly flowing away, giving it more time to permeate the ground.

In contrast, areas with steep slopes can lead to increased surface runoff and decreased water infiltration, while wetlands and floodplains, although they can store water, may not always promote recharge due to saturation of the soil. Urban areas, characterized by extensive pavement and impervious surfaces, typically hinder groundwater recharge by diverting water into drainage systems, thereby limiting the amount of water that can infiltrate the ground. Thus, regions with high-permeability soils and minimal slope are optimal for promoting recharge, making this the correct choice.