What is habitat fragmentation?

Habitat fragmentation refers to the process in which large, contiguous blocks of habitat are divided into smaller, isolated patches, often as a result of human activities such as urban development, agriculture, and infrastructure expansion. This fragmentation can significantly impact wildlife, as it can limit their movement and access to resources, increase the amount of edge habitat, and reduce genetic diversity by isolating populations.

The correct choice articulates this concept clearly, highlighting how breaking up large habitats into smaller patches can lead to negative ecological consequences, such as decreased habitat quality and increased vulnerability for species. Understanding habitat fragmentation is crucial for landscape architects and planners, as they must consider ways to mitigate its effects through thoughtful design that maintains connectivity within ecosystems.